一、NCBI数据库简介

The NCBI BioSample database archives STR profiles and descriptions for several thousand cell lines, as provided by cell line repositories. The database is administered by the US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.

NCBI BioSample 数据库存档了数千个细胞系的 STR 配置文件和描述，由细胞系存储库提供。该数据库由美国国家医学图书馆、美国国立卫生研究院管理。

As a national resource for molecular biology information, NCBI's mission is to develop new information technologies to aid in the understanding of fundamental molecular and genetic processes that control health and disease. More specifically, the NCBI has been charged with creating automated systems for storing and analyzing knowledge about molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics; facilitating the use of such databases and software by the research and medical community; coordinating efforts to gather biotechnology information both nationally and internationally; and performing research into advanced methods of computer-based information processing for analyzing the structure and function of biologically important molecules.

NCBI has a multi-disciplinary research group composed of computer scientists, molecular biologists, mathematicians, biochemists, research physicians, and structural biologists concentrating on basic and applied research in computational molecular biology. These investigators not only make important contributions to basic science but also serve as a wellspring of new methods for applied research activities. Together they are studying fundamental biomedical problems at the molecular level using mathematical and computational methods. These problems include gene organization, sequence analysis, and structure prediction. A sampling of current research projects includes: detection and analysis of gene organization, repeating sequence patterns, protein domains and structural elements, creation of a gene map of the human genome, mathematical modeling of the kinetics of HIV infection, analysis of effects of sequencing errors for database searching, development of new algorithms for database searching and multiple sequence alignment, construction of non-redundant sequence databases, mathematical models for estimation of statistical significance of sequence similarity, and vector models for text retrieval. Additionally, NCBI investigators maintain ongoing collaborations with several institutes within the NIH and also with numerous academic and government research laboratories.

NCBI assumed responsibility for the GenBank DNA sequence database in October 1992. NCBI staff with advanced training in molecular biology build the database from sequences submitted by individual laboratories and by data exchange with the international nucleotide sequence databases, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and the DNA Database of Japan (DDBJ). Arrangements with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office enable the incorporation of patented sequence data.

作为分子生物学信息的国家资源，NCBI的使命是开发新的信息技术，以帮助理解控制健康和疾病的基本分子和遗传过程。更具体地说，NCBI负责创建用于存储和分析分子生物学、生物化学和遗传学知识的自动化系统；为研究和医学界使用此类数据库和软件提供便利；协调收集国家和国际生物技术信息的工作；以及对用于分析生物重要分子的结构和功能的计算机信息处理的先进方法进行研究。

NCBI拥有一个由计算机科学家、分子生物学家、数学家、生物化学家、研究医生和结构生物学家组成的多学科研究小组，专注于计算分子生物学的基础和应用研究。这些研究人员不仅对基础科学做出了重要贡献，而且是应用研究活动新方法的源泉。他们一起使用数学和计算方法在分子水平上研究基本的生物医学问题。这些问题包括基因组织、序列分析和结构预测。当前研究项目的抽样包括：基因组织、重复序列模式、蛋白质结构域和结构元件的检测和分析，人类基因组基因图谱的创建，HIV感染动力学的数学建模，数据库搜索测序错误的影响分析，开发用于数据库搜索和多序列比对的新算法，构建非冗余序列数据库，估计序列相似性统计显著性的数学模型，以及用于文本检索的向量模型。此外，NCBI研究人员与美国国立卫生研究院内的几个研究所以及许多学术和政府研究实验室保持着持续的合作。

NCBI于1992年10月承担了GenBank DNA序列数据库的责任。经过分子生物学高级培训的NCBI工作人员根据各个实验室提交的序列，并通过与国际核苷酸序列数据库、欧洲分子生物学实验室（EMBL）和日本DNA数据库（DDBJ）的数据交换，建立数据库。与美国专利商标局的安排使得能够合并专利序列数据。

二、网址：www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov